HOAE General Science Practice Test

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• Which scientist conducted controlled experiments on pea plants to study the inheritance of traits?
• Ribosomes are found in which cells?
• If a hair diameter is about 50 micrometers, that is 50 ___ of a meter.
• In an XY graph with time on the x-axis and distance on the y-axis, time is the
• Which statement best describes prokaryotic cells compared to eukaryotic cells?
• In electrical measurements, what is the unit of resistance?
• Which element is formed last in the stages of nuclear fusion inside stars?
• Which enzyme converts hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen?
• Which energy carriers are produced in glycolysis?
• Which gas do plants primarily produce during photosynthesis?
• What does a pH meter measure?
• Who formulated the law that planets move around the Sun in elliptical orbits?
• What is the primary role of ribosomes?
• In the kind of atomic bond where electrons are shared as pairs, what is this bond called?
• In the Popperian view of science, researchers actively seek experiments that will
• What is the term for the shallow submerged region of the ocean that meets the deep ocean floor?
• The first successful landing of a U.S. rover on Mars occurred in which decade?
• We know there is matter that cannot be seen by any means available to us, including the different wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum. Yet we know this so-called 'dark matter' exists. How?
• What is a control group in an experiment?
• Which element is not produced by stars?
• In RNA, what base pairs with adenine?
• Which statement best describes renewable resources?
• Which part of an atom primarily participates in forming chemical bonds with other atoms?
• What does EFU stand for?
• Based on current scientific observations, most cosmologists are in agreement that the universe is:
• The symbol N in physics represents the SI unit for which quantity?
• What does the term 'primordial' mean in cosmology?
• Approximately 6 gigatons is equivalent to which of the following expressions of mass?
• What word in Ancient Greek means indivisible?
• Who is often called the father of modern science and was placed under house arrest by the Roman Inquisition?
• How many milliliters are there in a 1-liter soda bottle?
• Which fundamental force governs the interaction between electrically charged particles?
• Which equation represents Ohm's law?
• Which subatomic particle carries a positive charge?
• The nanosecond is one ____ of one second.
• Which element in the universe (including inside our sun) is both primordial (some of it formed shortly after the Big Bang) and made inside stars during fusion reactions?
• Which of the following is an example of an inorganic molecular state of matter?
• Which of the following is not a flavor of quark?
• What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
• The first successful landing of a U.S. rover on Mars occurred in which year?
• In an exothermic reaction, what happens to heat energy?
• In DNA, what base pairs with adenine?
• In what year did the IAU reclassify Pluto as a dwarf planet?
• Approximately how many seconds are in a year?
• In an experiment measuring distance traveled over time, which variable is typically the dependent variable?
• Parts of the atomic nucleus are nucleons. Which pair of particles are nucleons?
• What is the term for the energy required to change a solid at its melting point into a liquid?
• Which planet is the planet nearest to Earth according to the material?
• What is the process by which DNA is copied into RNA?
• What type of bond holds two amino acids together in a protein?
• Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
• Groups of DNA bases that code for amino acids occur as:
• In the universal tree of life, what does the 'r' stand for in rRNA?
• Which cellular structure reads mRNA and synthesizes proteins?
• What are the basic building blocks of proteins?
• Which subatomic particle carries a negative charge?
• Which planet does not have a well developed atmosphere because of its small size?
• What is the function of the ribosome?
• Among the four fundamental forces, which governs beta decay?
• What causes the surface tension of water?
• Which sugar is found in DNA nucleotides?
• Which important cellular process occurs in ribosomes that are present in all cells?
• What are the primary components of DNA nucleotides?
• What is the function of the placenta?
• Which of the following is a major function of the kidneys?
• A beam lifted to height stores energy as which form?
• Who is known as the founder of modern genetics?
• How many chromosomes are typically found in a human somatic cell?
• What part of the brain coordinates balance and motor control?
• What structure regulates the passage of materials into and out of the cell?
• Who shouted 'Eureka!' upon discovering a method to determine the volume and density of irregular objects?
• If a liquid at its melting point receives energy less than its heat of fusion, what happens to the liquid?
• Which organ system maintains body temperature and provides protection?
• What is the oxidation state of carbon in carbon dioxide?
• Which cellular component is responsible for protein synthesis?
• What is a Punnett square used for?
• Our best dates for the origin of the solar system come from which source?
• Which carbon isotope is used for dating due to its radioactivity?
• Put in order the following events, from earliest to latest: electrons become stable around atomic nuclei (E); stable combinations of protons and neutrons (S); near annihilation of matter and antimatter (N); protogalaxies start to form (P).
• Which process uses mRNA to assemble amino acids into a protein?
• The atomic nucleus contains which pair of particles?
• In a vaccine trial, which group serves as a baseline for comparison?
• Why is rRNA useful in studying evolutionary relationships across all life forms?
• Which part of an atom primarily participates in forming bonds with other atoms?
• What is the SI unit of temperature?
• Which type of RNA is primarily located in the ribosome?
• If entropy decreases in a system, what must occur on some larger scale?
• In a circuit with a current of 5 A and a resistance of 6 ohms, what is the voltage across the circuit?
• What is the best source for dating the origin of the solar system?
• How many Earth Formation Units back to reach the Big Bang?
• Which statement best describes ribosomes?
• Which organ system is primarily responsible for gas exchange in the human body?
• Which Mendel's law states that the segregation of alleles occurs during gamete formation?
• Which scientist is often credited with laying the foundations of modern science and faced house arrest for his findings?
• Which scientist is famous for using a telescope to observe celestial bodies and report discoveries such as moons of Jupiter?
• Which Dutch scientist is famous for building microscopic lenses and describing tiny organisms in letters he sent across Europe?
• Approximately what percentage of the body's dry weight is carbon?
• Crude oil originated from which type of material?
• Which astronomer played a key role in proposing a sun-centered universe and sparked a major shift in astronomy?
• What percentage of the universe is dark energy?
• Which molecule carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome during protein synthesis?
• What type of bond forms in common table salt NaCl?
• Penicillin is derived from which group of organisms?
• Which statement correctly describes a DNA triplet?
• Ribosomal RNA functions in the ribosome by:
• Which of the following is a real flavor of quark?
• What is the effect called when spectral lines from a distant galaxy shift toward longer wavelengths?
• If a calcium absorption spectrum on Earth has a red-line pattern, examining calcium in a distant galaxy would show the same pattern toward the:
• Which electromagnetic waves have the shortest wavelength?
• Which RNA type is most often used in broad evolutionary comparisons due to its universality?
• The universal tree of life is derived by comparing which molecule present in all living forms?
• In which phase of mitosis are chromosomes separated to opposite poles?
• Which carbon isotope is radioactive?
• Albert Einstein contributed which theory?
• Which of the following best describes a DNA triplet?
• Which element is not made in stars?
• Mendel's classic heredity experiments used which plant species?
• In a clinical trial, the group that does not receive the active treatment is called the?
• Nonrenewable resources are characterized by which property?
• Which vitamin is primarily produced in the skin upon sunlight exposure?
• Which molecule is broken down during glycolysis?
• Which theory did Albert Einstein develop?
• Which statement best describes diffusion?
• Bernoulli's principle describes what happens to fluid pressure as speed increases?
• What type of evidence indicates the early universe had non-uniformities, as detected by satellites?
• Bernoulli's principle explains what happens to pressure as fluid speed increases; this informs what action during a tornado?
• What is the primary goal of a falsification attempt in science?
• During glycolysis, which molecule is produced from glucose?
• Which pair of subatomic particles has opposite electric charges?
• What is the chemical formula for table salt?
• Which organ system primarily comprises the skin, hair, and nails?
• What is diffusion?
• Gregor Mendel studied heredity by examining variations in which plant group?
• What is the standard metric unit of energy?
• Reductionism in science focuses on explaining phenomena by analyzing
• Reductionism in science refers to explaining behaviors in terms of
• In photosynthesis, the carbon in carbon dioxide is reduced to form carbohydrate. In this reaction, the carbon is said to have been:
• Satellites have measured differences in this quantity, which existed before the formation of galaxies and indicates early universe inhomogeneities.
• If a car travels 150 meters in 10 seconds, what is its speed in meters per second?
• What particle carries a negative charge in atoms?
• Common table salt NaCl is formed by attraction between which ions?
• Which astronomer proposed that the planets revolve around the Sun, a central idea of the Copernican Revolution?
• When a crane lifts a beam to the top height of a building, what type of energy is stored in the beam?
• Which component of a cell acts as the gatekeeper, regulating which substances enter and leave the cell?
• What is the formula used to calculate speed?
• Which is an example of a primary carbohydrate?
• Name a dwarf planet.
• In cellular respiration, what is the primary purpose of glycolysis?
• What increases in density as the universe ages?
• Which of the following is NOT a primary function of ribosomes?
• Which of the following describes Pluto's classification?
• The human body primarily operates on which form of energy?
• What important event happened in 1957?
• Which organelle is primarily responsible for energy production in eukaryotic cells?
• What is the basic unit of life?
• How many milligrams are there in one gram?
• Which type of reaction releases energy?
• What is the SI unit of force?
• Which monk conducted extensive experiments on heredity?
• Which body in our solar system has very good evidence for the presence, at one time in the past, for liquid water?
• What type of bond involves sharing electrons equally between atoms?
• What term is used to describe the broad, well-supported explanations in science?
• What does 1 EFU represent?
• Which soil layer is rich in organic matter and forms the top layer?
• What is the process by which mRNA is used to synthesize a protein?
• Which of the following lists the ions that make up table salt?
• In the electromagnetic spectrum, infrared wavelengths are slightly longer than those of visible red, and ultraviolet wavelengths are slightly shorter than visible blue. Which statement best describes this relationship?
• What is the difference between a renewable and nonrenewable resource?
• Which scientist is credited with first observing the moons of Jupiter?
• Which energy-carrying molecule is produced during glycolysis to carry electrons?
• In 2006, the IAU voted to reclassify Pluto from a planet to a?
• Entomology is the study of which organisms?
• In common table salt, what is the charge on the sodium ion?
• Humans are currently in space on the?
• All forms of energy can be converted at maximum efficiency into which form?
• Carbon is formed by which type of reaction in stars?
• Which unit of energy is equivalent to a Newton-meter?
• Penicillin is a group of antibiotics derived from which biological source?
• What is the initial process by which the kidney forms urine?
• What exponent or power of 10 would you use to express how many meters are in a kilometer?